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Before the seat installation work in the stadium, it is first necessary to review all the requirements. The geometry of the stadium stands and other factors that determine the spectator capacity of the stadium need to be finalized. When planning a stadium, owners have a clear request for the stadium's spectator seating capacity. With a budget, you can get an approximate number of auditorium capacity. When the overall plan is reviewed, all the details of the venue need to be accounted for, and the future work will become more complicated. Stadiums are classified as public gatherings, and spectator seats are especially so. Such buildings have various rules and parameters set to ensure public safety. For example, in Germany, the "Safety Guidance for Promoting Football" announced by the German Football Association has parameters related to the seats in the auditorium. And the seats of stadium installations where football matches are held must conform to these rules and parameters. The German Football Association has the following rules for the spectator seats of the stadiums where the Bundesliga, the Bundesliga and the Bundesliga are held: the seats must be independent, numbered, reasonably shaped, accurately installed and the seat back must not be lower than 30 cm.

Anman is the most important

There are many elements to consider when planning the audience area of ​​a venue, and these elements are often related to each other. For example, when drawing up the dimensions of the audience escape passage, it is necessary to refer to the corresponding audience area and the number of seats in each audience area. The auditorium in the stadium is usually divided into blocks, and each block has its own total number of spectators and escape channels. Enclosed venues with roofs or some roofs meet more safety requirements than open-air venues. The various areas of the auditorium are usually not distinguished by visible boundaries, but by some other element that separates them. The standing seats of the stadium can accommodate up to 2,500 people in each block. The auditorium with seats can accommodate up to 1,200 people in each block. (German standard) Such a block can be planned for 30 rows of seats with 40 seats per row or 40 rows of seats with 30 seats per row. When the venue is finally inspected, the number of auditoriums and the width of the emergency exit should be calculated according to the specified formula plan, and then the time for the complete withdrawal of the audience will be obtained. Outdoor venues and stand-up auditorium venues have completely different detail requests here than indoor venues with a roof. Usually, the venues with outdoor standing auditoriums are allowed to accommodate 40 auditoriums between the two passages. For venues with indoor seating, a maximum of 20 seats can be accommodated between every two aisles. And each audience block must have at least two channels and one emergency exit. Spectator seats in large stadiums are usually built on one floor with one floor like terraces. Therefore, the height, width and tilt angle of each floor of the audience seats need to be designed according to the specifications. Sometimes in order to achieve the purpose of protecting the audience, it is also necessary to build a maintenance bar between the audience seats. For example, when the height difference between the first floor and the second floor auditorium is 50 cm, a maintenance bar with a height of 90 cm needs to be built in front of the first floor auditorium, while the height of the maintenance bar on the second floor stand needs to reach 110 cm. If the maximum height difference between the two-tier stands does not exceed 100 cm and no guardrail is built, the height of the backrest of the first row of seats needs to exceed 65 cm.

tiers of stands

The design of the auditorium is based on the geometric shape of the terrace, and the audience capacity is drawn up in accordance with the relevant regulations of public places and the DIN 13200-1 standard (the arrangement of the audience viewing area). This standard stipulates that the height of the auditorium on each floor is 70 to 80 cm, the span of the seats is at least 50 cm, and the width of the passage is at least 35 cm (plus a safety distance of 5 cm). The seat depth is about 40 cm and the height is 45 cm. The minimum space required for each seat is 50 x 80 cm. The structural design of some seats does not comply with the relevant regulations, especially those that affect the width of the aisle. Because the width of the auditorium channel is not very large. In order to solve the problem that the passage between the auditoriums is too narrow, everyone first thought of folding seats. However, the cost of such seats will be much more expensive than the usual plastic seats. Another solution is to reduce the seat depth to less than 40 cm, but doing so will greatly reduce the comfort of the seat. The Italian or Spanish market in southern Europe is a little confusing in this regard. Some stadiums in Spain or Italy still use seats with a depth of 60 cm, but some manufacturers are still producing smaller seats - only 30 cm deep and the width of the seat is very small. And this kind of seat is completely out of line with today's industry norms, and it cannot be installed in stadiums.

VIP seats - spacious and comfortable

What makes VIP auditoriums or business auditoriums more in-depth is a reasonable design. As just said, usually the business seats and the audience seats in the VIP area are separated by 50 cm on each floor, and the space between each seat is about 55 to 60 cm (sometimes larger). The depth of the seat reaches about 100 cm to provide the ideal comfort for the person sitting on it. And the seats in the stadium VIP boxes usually have armrests. Usually, each seat in the box area has at least two armrests or two adjacent seats share one armrest. Practice has proved that stadiums often make some modifications to the auditorium according to the needs of the operation. If you want to transform the audience area, which is usually just plastic seats, into a business area, you can install armrests or cushions on the seats. The operator of the venue usually chooses to maximize the comfort of the seats in the business district and abandon a certain audience capacity. In real cases, the cost of upgrading a regular audience area to a box can usually be fully recovered by selling expensive box tickets. The service fee charged by the general box is usually equivalent to the price of one or two tickets.

Stand Design Request

(1) Spectator stand

Stadium stands should be designed to provide spectators, VIPs and journalists with the highest visual quality seating possible. Regarding the specifications of the stands, the number of consecutive seats, the podium, the disabled auditorium, the commentator and the press box, the entrances and exits of the stands and the design of the field of view shall conform to the relevant regulations for the stands. According to the different construction methods and different audience planning, the audience stands have different plane types. The seating methods of the auditorium are divided into two categories: seats with backrests, and benches with backrests and backrests (including sitting directly on the stands).

(2) Selection of the angle of the audience stands

1. The angle of the first type of place Select a place of 22 × 36 meters, that is, take the basketball court as the scale of the design vision. All other sports competitions are carried out in the basketball arena. Although the gymnastics competition venue is slightly larger than the basketball court, except for the floor exercise which is carried out on the central bowel surface of the venue, all other events are carried out on the equipment above the ground. So its vision is not obstructed.

2. The angle of the second type of venues The second type of venues are 24 × 44 meters, mainly for handball competition. The characteristics of handball are that there are fewer ground movements, most of them are upper body movements, and most of the exciting situations are near the goal line. The handball competition area is 20 x 40 meters.

3. From the perspective of the third type of venues, the characteristics of ice hockey competition are: the competition venue is large and the speed is fast. There is an ice hockey boundary wall around the venue, and the height of the boundary wall is 1.22 meters. Therefore, it is required to block the height of the field of view ≯ 1.22 meters, and watch about 90% of the competition area. Regardless of whether the boundary wall is a transparent material or an opaque material, the angle can be selected on the ice surface within the boundary wall. In addition, the shielding height in the direction of the boundary wall should not exceed 1.22 meters.

(3) Design of the podium and the referee's bench

1. The rostrum is located in the position with the best visual quality of all auditoriums. There should be direct and convenient passages for the rostrum, the VIP lounge in the "infield" and the competition venue. The number of seats on the podium is mainly based on local needs. Usually it is 0.5 to 1% of the number of audiences, and the district and county level does not exceed 0.5%. There are two kinds of rostrum planes with and without sub-table. The rostrum with the sub-stage is composed of the main stage and the sub-stage. When there are serious events, the sub-stage is an extension of the main stage, so that the VIP seats have some room for maneuver. This placement is usually available in large gymnasiums. Small and medium-sized pavilions are mostly installed without sub-stages.

There are two kinds of seats on the rostrum: one is the right and wrong fixed seat with a tea table; the other is a seat without a tea table.

2. The referee's seat is located opposite the podium. There are referee workbenches and necessary seats. Usually placed slightly above the ground to facilitate contact with the site. Its length should also be smaller than the rostrum. The operations performed on the referee platform mainly include operations such as timing and scoring, recording, and broadcasting, and the console. A total of 15-20 people are required to work at the referee bench. The referee console is the main hub for displaying time and scoring when performing various competitions, so its composition is relatively complex, and its cooperation with each other is also relatively close. Because the equipment and requirements of each hall are different, the placement of the referee table also changed.
The above is the key to the design of the stadium stand seat manufacturers, everyone is welcome to add!